A combined radical and non-radical oxidation processes for efficient degradation of Acid Orange 7 in the homogeneous Cu(II)/PMS system: important role of chloride

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Trace copper ion (Cu(II)) in water and wastewater can trigger peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to oxidize organic compounds, but it only works under...     

A comprehensive review on green buildings research: bibliometric analysis during 1998–2018

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Buildings account for nearly 2/5ths of global energy expenditure. Due to this figure, the 90s witnessed the rise of green buildings (GBs) that were...     

Waste landfill plant and waste disposal plant efficiencies in China

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - As resident awareness of environmental issues has grown, waste disposal has become an important part of urban environmental governance. Most...     

Effects of intercropping with floricultural accumulator plants on cadmium accumulation in grapevine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intercropping with floricultural cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Helianthus annuus L., Cosmos sulphureus Cav., Cosmos...     

Effects of T-2 toxin on histopathology,fatty acid and water distribution of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) muscle

T-2 toxin (T-2), one of the naturally occurring mycotoxins, often accumulates in aquatic animals from contaminated feed. Shrimp (n?=?30 per group) were fed with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5, 4.5 and 13.5?mg kg^?1) of T-2 for 20?days. Changes in histopathology, fatty acid and water distribution of shrimp muscle were analyzed. Histopathology of shrimp muscle showed dose-dependent marked degenerative and necrotic changes on exposure to dietary T-2. The T-2 significantly (P?<?0.05) affected the muscle fatty acid composition. ∑SFA, ∑MUFA and ∑PUFA initially decreased and then increased slowly in the high-dosed groups. C16:0, C18:1n-9 and C18:2n-6 were the main saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), respectively. Also, T-2 significantly affected water distribution in shrimp muscle. High doses of T-2 reduced free water content, resulting in a reduction in the water holding capacity and hence changes to the shrimp muscle quality. Collectively, these results illustrated that T-2 significantly affects the fatty acid and water distribution, and also muscle histopathology, all of which would result in a reduction in the quality and nutritional value of shrimp.     

持久性有机污染物土气交换过程影响因素分析

持久性有机污染物(POPs)在全球范围内进行远距离传输过程中,土壤既是污染物的主要汇,又是空气中污染物的潜在来源.土气交换过程是POPs环境归宿的重要环节,该交换过程受POPs理化性质、近地面气象条件、土壤理化性质及植被覆盖等因素的影响.对近期报道的POPs土气交换过程影响因素研究进行了综述与展望,列出了研究中涉及的重要模型及公式.环境温度的变化既能改变目标物在气固相之间的分配行为,影响空气中污染物的干湿沉降和气态交换过程,也能够通过近地面温度场的梯度变化影响污染物在土气交换过程中的垂直紊流扩散.此外,近地面水平风速的变化也会影响目标物的在近地面空气中的垂直紊流扩散.土壤有机质含量及种类控制了土壤中POPs的吸附/解吸过程,土壤温度和湿度影响污染物的土气分配系数,土壤矿物组成也会影响污染物吸附和解吸过程.地面植被能够吸收和吸附空气中气态和颗粒态POPs,通过雨水淋刷和枯落物凋落转移到土壤中;植被覆盖可以减少土壤的温度变化,减少土壤中POPs的挥发.尽管近年已经取得丰硕的成果,但在土气交换过程多因素耦合影响量化评估、动态评估POPs在典型场地原位复杂环境下的土气交换通量、在区域尺度量化植被对城市中POPs土气交换的影响等方面有待开展深入研究工作.     

聚苯乙烯/CdS/TiO_2双壳层核壳纳米颗粒可见光催化降解甲基橙

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在聚苯乙烯(PS)/CdS核壳纳米颗粒表面包覆致密TiO_2层,制备出具有双壳层结构的PS/CdS/TiO_2纳米复合颗粒,考察了制备条件对材料结构的影响,并利用甲基橙溶液对其光催化性能进行了评价。SEM、TEM、XRD和FTIR分析结果表明,制得的微球单分散性良好,壳层包覆完整,厚度均匀。PS/CdS/TiO_2制备的适宜反应时间为12~18 h,适宜反应pH为7~9。PS/CdS/TiO_2较PS/CdS具有更为优异的可见光催化性能。     

不同培养条件下锰过氧化物酶(MnP)的合成及其对甲基橙的降解

高效、大规模、低成本合成木质素降解酶是直接采用其降解难降解有机污染物所必须解决的问题.对锰过氧化物酶(MnP)降解甲基橙和在非灭菌的反应器中连续合成MnP的可行性进行考察.结果表明,在采用2 mmol H2O2和1.5 mmol MnSO4的降解体系中,获最大脱色效果,且100、200和300 U/L的MnP可在8h内将甲基橙分别脱色18％、23％和35％;在非灭菌的反应器水平上实现了固定化培养的P.chrysosporium连续23 d合成MnP,但MnP酶活仅为2～ 23 U/L,难以酶解甲基橙;然而,在摇瓶培养条件下固定化的P.chrysosporium合成的MnP却能达1 152 U/L.因此,直接采用MnP对污染物进行降解以及在非灭菌的反应器中持续合成MnP是可行的,但就在非灭菌条件下如何提高MnP的合成量还有待开展深入的研究.     

酸碱度对生活垃圾焚烧厂沥滤液蒸发处理效果的影响

采用蒸发法处理城市生活垃圾焚烧厂垃圾沥滤液,着重考察了不同沥滤液初始pH值对蒸发去除COD和氨氮效果的影响,并采用GC-MS对蒸发冷凝液中有机物成分进行了分析鉴定.结果表明,生活垃圾沥滤液的初始pH对冷凝液中COD、氨氮含量及有机污染物分布产生了决定性的影响.沥滤液在酸性条件下(pH≤6)蒸发,随着pH的增加,冷凝液中COD的含量线性降低,而氨氮的含量线性增加.当沥滤液的初始pH值从6增加到11,冷凝液中COD的含量呈对数函数降低,而氨氮的含量表现出显著增加趋势.从冷凝液中鉴定出38种有机污染物,多为沸点较低的醇、酸、酚和酯类.在酸性条件下(pH=3),冷凝液中挥发性有机酸和低碳醇的相对丰度接近90％.在近中性条件下(pH=6.2),冷凝液中的有机污染物以酚、酸和杂环类化合物为主.在碱性条件下(pH =11),冷凝液中酚和杂环类化合物占比较高,而酸的含量极少.     

泰州市冬季空气质量变化特征

为了解泰州市冬季空气质量变化特征,于2013年12月27日—2014年1月7日对NO2,SO2,O3,CO,PM10和PM2.5进行了监测,结合地面气象资料和HYSPLIT轨迹模式分析了污染物的来源与传输过程。结果表明,观测期间AQI优良率仅为25%,PM10和PM2.5日均值超标率分别为58.3%,75.0%;有机碳是泰州市ρ(PM2.5)中最高的化学组分,其次是富钾和元素碳。PM2.5主要来源为汽车尾气、工业源、燃煤,分别占来源比例21.76%,16.52%,15.54%。局地污染源和不利气象条件是造成大气污染的主要原因。